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Nature Study: Bioluminescence

Have your kids ever seen pictures of glowing jellyfish , fireflies lighting up a summer night, or deep-sea creatures that shimmer in the dark? That magical glow is something called bioluminescence —and it’s one of nature’s most fascinating light shows! Angler Fish craft My class recently participated in a STEM workshop where they learned about bioluminescence in the deep sea. They learned about deep sea creatures like the Angler fish and how bioluminescence was part of their adaptation to the dark depths. They also had a blast making their own Angler fish complete with antennaes. Coincidentally, on this day we got to the chapters in ' The Wild Robot Escapes ' where Roz the robot was exploring the deep ocean and learning about bioluminescence, echolocation and the predatory nature of seabirds like the Skuas . (That's for another blog post!) For children, learning about bioluminescence offers an incredible way to bring science, nature, and imagination together. It’s a to...

50 Essential Skills For The First 5 Years

Bike riding w. training wheels (2-3 yrs)


Newborn to 12 months


  • Shapes 
  • Colours
  • Numbers
  • Letters
  • First Words 
  • Motor Skills - Rolling Over, Sitting Up, Crawling, Cruising & Walking 
  • Healthy Eating
  • Self feed with fork and or spoon 
  • Hold and drink from a glass or cup 
  • Swimming


12 - 24 months 


  • Animal names & sounds 
  • 2D Shapes
  • Colours
  • Numbers
  • Letters
  • First Words
  • Motor Skills - Running, Jumping, Climbing
  • Healthy Eating 
  • Climb up and down stairs 
  • Potty Training (start between 18 & 21 months) 


2-3 Years


  • 3D Shapes 
  • Count from Numbers 1-25
  • Days of the Week
  • Phonics - Letter Sounds
  • Recite Days of the Week & Months of the Year
  • Manners
  • Gross Motor Skills - Bike riding, Scooter riding etc.
  • Healthy Eating - Identify Food Groups
  • Scissor Skills 
  • Practice tracing shapes, numbers, letters


3-4 Years 


  • Count from 1 - 100
  • Say & Write full name
  • Phonics - Blends, Sight Words, Word Families 
  • Basic Computer Skills
  • The Environment - Name the Seasons & the Planets
  • Healthy Eating - Food Prep 
  • Read simple sentences
  • Identify Primary vs. Secondary colours 
  • Practice tracing shapes, numbers, letters
  • Draw stick figures, people and or animals


4-5 Years 

  • Simple addition & subtraction from memory
  • Say full home address
  • Spell Phonetically 
  • Garden (from seed to plant)
  • Create new recipes from familiar ingredients 
  • The Environment: Describe the life cycle
  • Read beginner books like Bob Books etc.
  • Learn simple greetings in a new language
  • Draw a landscape and or map that tells a story or gives information. 
  • Gross Motor Skills: climb/ coordinate movement on more complex structures like a kids climbing wall and or zip line, gymnastics bar or tree (with adult help/supervision)

Bonus: Practice tying shoe laces 



What other skills would you add? Comment below. 


Kids playground with climbing structures (Gross Motor Skills)

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